Abstract
Ramadan fasting is annually observed by Muslims over the world. This religious tenet involves a total abstinence from food and fluid ingestion from dawn to sunset. This limitation of energy intake to the hours of darkness usually disrupts the normal sleeping and activity pattern of fasters. This could negatively affect sport performance. Actually, the scientific literature concerning the effect of Ramadan observance on sport performance presents conflicting results. In this context, it is generally accepted that performance during brief (e.g., squat jump, countermovement jump, maximal voluntary contraction, etc.) or very short-duration (e.g., 5-m sprint, 10-m sprint, 20-m sprint, etc.) maximal exercises is maintained during the month of Ramadan. However, single or repetitive short-term maximal efforts (e.g., Wingate test) and long-duration exercises are generally affected by Ramadan even if some studies did not show any significant change. Furthermore, Muslim athletes continue to train and compete during daylight hours while observing the Ramadan fast, which may present a challenge for them. Indeed, they therefore cannot consume nutrients and fluids to recover during daylight competitions or training sessions. Although in Muslim-majority countries some competitions and sport events take place after sunset during Ramadan, this solution is not applicable in non-Muslim countries or in international events where timetables are sometimes dictated by television schedules, and where the majority of athletes are non-Muslim
Ramadan fasting is annually observed by Muslims over the world. This religious tenet involves a total abstinence from food and fluid ingestion from dawn to sunset. This limitation of energy intake to the hours of darkness usually disrupts the normal sleeping and activity pattern of fasters. This could negatively affect sport performance. Actually, the scientific literature concerning the effect of Ramadan observance on sport performance presents conflicting results. In this context, it is generally accepted that performance during brief (e.g., squat jump, countermovement jump, maximal voluntary contraction, etc.) or very short-duration (e.g., 5-m sprint, 10-m sprint, 20-m sprint, etc.) maximal exercises is maintained during the month of Ramadan. However, single or repetitive short-term maximal efforts (e.g., Wingate test) and long-duration exercises are generally affected by Ramadan even if some studies did not show any significant change. Furthermore, Muslim athletes continue to train and compete during daylight hours while observing the Ramadan fast, which may present a challenge for them. Indeed, they therefore cannot consume nutrients and fluids to recover during daylight competitions or training sessions. Although in Muslim-majority countries some competitions and sport events take place after sunset during Ramadan, this solution is not applicable in non-Muslim countries or in international events where timetables are sometimes dictated by television schedules, and where the majority of athletes are non-Muslim
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